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Материалы для выполнения контрольной работы III-II
за третий курс

Read the dialogue below to expand your knowledge about the way agriculture is run Great Britain:

Martin:	By the way, there's something I've been meaning to ask you. Are maize and rye grown in Britain?
Giles:	No, they aren't - at least, not to any significant extent. Maize is virtually unknown here, and rye is grown in small quantities, primarily for use as cattle fodder. The three principal grain, or cereal, crops in Britain are wheat, barley and oats. On this farm we grow a number of crops on rotation. For example, potatoes, sugar beet, turnips, or other root crops in the first year, cereals in the second and third; clover in the fourth; and grass in the fifth and sixth years.
Martin:	I don't suppose you grow flax, do you?
Giles:	Oh no. Flax is mainly grown in Northern Ireland.
Martin:	Do you grow vegetables and fruit?
Giles:	Only for our own use. Quite a lot of vegetables - especially early vegetables - are produced by market gardens, which have facilities for intensive production.
Martin:	What about fruit?
Giles:	The chief fruit-growing areas are in the south-west Midlands and south-west England. Many different kinds of fruit are drown: apples, plums, cherries, strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries and blackcurrants are the main ones. The orchards of Somerset and Devon provide apples and pears for making cider and perry, by the way; and Kent, one of the most important fruit-growing areas, also produces most of the hops that go into beer. I expect you've seen pictures of the hoppickers.
Martin:	Yes, I have. I'm very grateful to you for answering so many of my questions, Mr. Giles. I hope, I'm not taking up too much of your valuable time. I know how busy farmers are.
Giles:	Not at all. It's a great pleasure to meet you, and please don't worry about taking up my time. The hay harvest is finished and the corn won't be ripe for another fortnight, so we aren't too overworked at the moment.
Martin:	In that case perhaps I could ask you a few more questions?
Giles:	By all means.
Martin:	Do you grow potatoes for sale, for fodder or for seed?
Giles:	For all three. After sorting the higher quality potatoes are sold for eating or for seed, and the rest are used as fodder for the pigs.
Martin:	Are you able to harvest the potatoes alone or do you have to get outside help?
Giles:	Oh, we couldn't manage entirely by ourselves, even with the potatoes harvester. We employ casual labour - mainly women and children - to pick potatoes.
Martin:	An as soon as the potatoes and root crops are out of the ground, ploughing, harrowing and sowing begin again. A farmer's work is never done.
Giles:	You're quite right I'm afraid we shan't get much of a rest before Christmas
Martin:	Well. Thank you for showing me around and answering all my questions. I'm really very much obliged to you.

There are three major wheat belts in the USA. The leading state in wheat production is Kansas. It is the center of the Winter Wheat Belt. Winter wheat is planted in the fall and harvested in late spring or early summer. North Dakota is the center of the Spring Wheat Belt. Cold winter temperatures discourage the growth of winter wheat in this region. Fast-maturing spring wheat is usually seeded in April before the last frost. It is harvested in late August or early September. When the wheat is ripe it must be harvested very quickly. A passing thunderstorm with ball and heavy rains could ruin the drop. The setting of the sun on shorter days of autumn does not stop the harvest. The combines which cut and thresh the wheat are equipped with headlights so that work may continue on into the night.

Oats, barley and rye are grown along with wheat and corn. Oats, barley and rye are not grown so exclusively in one area as to form their own belts. Oats is a crop which is especially valuable to the corn and livestock farmer. Frequently clover and oats are sown together. The oats come up first and serve as a "nurse crop" for the clover. After harvesting the oats, the clover remains for next year's pasture. Corn-oats-clover is a common crop rotation in the field of the Corn Belt which includes Iowa, Illinois, and Indiana.

Barley needs only a very short growing season. It is a crop that does well under cool, dry conditions.

Rye is not grown so extensively in the USA as in Europe. Rye thrives on sandy soils and in cool, moist areas. Because rye sprouts quickly, it is often used as a cover crop to protect fields from erosion.

Rise is a product of wet lowlands. After the fields are prepared and flooded, the seeding is often done by airplane.

5.9. - Enumerate 10 most popular animals which inhabit the forest of this country;